Nuclear Engineering Branches Uses Introduction

Nuclear Engineering

Nuclear engineering is the field of engineering dealing with the application and science of radiation and nuclear phenomenon. It involves production and utilization of radioactive materials and control, release and use of nuclear energy for research, industry uses, medicine, and national security.
This branch of engineering has primary principles of mathematics and physics as its basis which explains transmission of gamma rays and neutrons in the form of nuclear interactions. Nuclear interactions are dependant on the flow of heat and fluid, chemical reactions and change in the behavior of substances when exposed to nuclear radiation.
Nuclear engineering is thus, a multidimensional area that involves the application of various areas of physics and analysis of large and complex systems.

History of Nuclear Engineering

The field of nuclear engineering originated in the 20th century when German scientists Fritz Strassmann and Otto Hahn discovered nuclear fission reaction in 1939. It was realized immediately that a strong weapon can be formed by employing this phenomenon of nuclear fission. This idea gave rise to the “Manhattan Project” in World War ll by the United States of America. University of Chicago scientists build the first nuclear reactor based on the principles of N-Eng. After the first reactor, many such weapons and reactors were made at Washington.

Hence Late 1940s and early 1950s, brought about the peaceful and positive uses of nuclear energy and various institutions and laboratories related to nuclear technology came into being. During Colleges and schools in the U.S started offering degree programs in N-Eng by the 1950’s and 60’s. Now, there are more than 60 programs related to N-Eng are offered and taught around the world.

Areas of Nuclear Engineering

Following are some of the branches of nuclear engineering

Nuclear Power

During Nuclear Power deals with the production and applications of nuclear power plants and radiators. In short Nuclear power plants, today are controlled to produce electricity especially in U.S. This area of N-Eng has its further specialities.

Plasma Physics

Plasma Physics is based on the principles of nuclear fusion reactions, which is different from nuclear fission. Therefore Fusion reactions combine the nuclei to release the enumerable amount of energy. Plasma physicists work in production and application of fusion reactors.

Nuclear Weapons

This is a highly classified area of N-Eng which involves the production, application, design and management of nuclear weapons. It mainly involves production of atomic bombs and hydrogen bombs which can cause massive destruction.

Radioisotopes

Radioisotopes have found their applications in several industries these days, including medical, research, preservation and plastic etc. And Nearly 2000 isotopes are prepare by nuclear engineers in nuclear reactors.

Nuclear Waste Management

Due to this area deals with the management of this waste from atomic reactors, industries, research and medical labs. If this waste material is highly reactive and needs to be disposed off properly.

Health Physics

Finally Nuclear engineers in health physics determine the application and transmission of radiation in the human body for medical purposes.

Uses of Nuclear Engineering

Nuclear engineering is helpful in following fields and organizations
1. Architectural engineering organizations
2. Manufacturing Firms
3. Electric Utility Firms
4. Medical Centres and laboratories
5. Defense programs
6. Universities and Educational institutions

Engineering Technology Introduction Opportunities

Engineering Technology Introduction

Engineering Technology is the practical application of knowledge to a wide range of real-world problems. It is related to engineering however the program of study, job responsibilities, and salaries of an engineer are different. The responsibilities of technologists, therefore, require technical and practical knowledge.
Hence, for becoming an engineer, you can major in engineering technology. This field is also high in demand all across the world.

Difference between Engineer and Technologist

There is some difference between these two fields however both fields overlap and focus the study of Math and science, mainly physics. The study emphasizes the application of engineering techniques and focuses on the development of concepts. Students of both fields have similar skills and interests.
The technologists can use technical equipment, sell technical products, and work as the technical representatives of the manufacturer. They also have the abilities to supervise different construction and manufacturing projects.
This study is more application oriented and less theoretical. The technologists apply their activities on the applied design and play main roles on the engineering team. The field concentrates on product development, production, and sales, etc.

How Is Engineering Technology Degree Useful?

The minimum education that you need to acquire this degree is a two-year associate’s degree. The institution should also be technical or vocational institute.
Students learn practical skills in this program. Aspiring engineering technology program generally requires at least a four-year bachelor’s degree.
Students who want a Master’s degree in this field have to learn to work with greater independence. Moreover, they have to carry out a more complicated task. This degree program is for technologists who want to acquire advanced knowledge and skills in the field. Hence, these degrees are very valuable and the students become successful in obtaining a professional career in the following fields:

1• Manufacturing And Production
2• Scientific research
3• Design
4• Marketing
5• Maintenance And Quality Control
6• Product Testing
7• Technical Supervision
8• Federal government
9• Employment services and navigational
10• Electromedical
11• Control instruments manufacturing

Thousands of technologists across the world get employment in these fields every year. They also get good salaries however, this occupation has a huge wage gap too.
Moreover, it is one of the top degrees that anyone can earn at a community college. In this field, there is more value of certifications as compared to a degree.

The Opportunities

After the completion of the engineering project, the demand for technologists increases. A career is more narrowly focused because it requires practical knowledge and skills. Those who want to study this program, therefore, have to specialize in one or a few engineering arenas.
They, therefore, start working in related areas like a laboratory or a plant. The graduates have to apply engineering and scientific knowledge along with technical skills to support their duties.
In short, the job market for this field is good. There are a lot of businesses that prefer engineering technology majors. This is because it is more practical and the professionals are able to use knowledge in a better way.
We can, therefore, say that it is better than regular engineering in many aspects. Hence, the main reason is that it has huge demand.

Mechanical Engineering Scope and Career Prospects

Understanding Mechanical Engineering, Its Scope, and Career Prospects

What Is Mechanical Engineering?
Mechanical Engineering is a professional engineering discipline which involves the study of mechanisms of tools and machinery. It also involves the study of heat and mechanical power to design, manufacture, and operate machines and tools. It is, therefore, the oldest engineering among the other fields of engineering.
Hence, this branch of this engineering applies to the principles of physics and material science and covers technical areas. These areas include the design of automobiles, electric motors, aircraft, and other heavy vehicles. The student when studies this subject, therefore, gains knowledge about the use of software in technical works. It also focuses on maintenance of the mechanical systems.

What Do The Mechanical Engineering Do?

Mechanical engineers have the duty to plan, design, test, make and maintain different types of machinery. The machines include electric generators, turbines, engines, and refrigeration and air-conditioning systems and so on. They also design machinery inside buildings like escalators and elevators as well.
Hence, if you want to start your career as a mechanical engineer, it is, therefore, important to know the job and duties of these engineers. Their duties include:

1• Problem analysis to understand how to solve problems with mechanical and thermal devices.
2• Designing or redesigning mechanical devices
3• Diagnose faulty operation and to recommend remedies
4• Testing prototypes of designed devices
5• Analysis of the test results
6• Altering the design or system if required
7• Managing device manufacturing process
They use computers extensively and are responsible for the integration of sensors and controllers etc. Moreover, they are essential in different public and private sector industries and will remain in demand forever. This field has, therefore, application in all fields of technology.

Scope and Career Planning

The branch of science provides effective solutions and can work on research and development to design and manufacture. Most industries rely on it because it is the most diverse discipline of engineering. There is, therefore, a wide range of employment opportunities for professionals. This field has the scope in different industries For example:
a• Automobile Sector
b• Cement and Steel Industry
c• Power Sector
d• Hydraulics
e• Manufacturing Plants
f• Drilling and Mining Industry
g• Oil and Gas Sector
h• Aeronautical Industry
i• Biotechnology
j• Nanotechnology

Is Mechanical Engineering A Good Field For You?

As it is the basis of engineering so, it links all other disciplines. Hence It overlaps with civil engineering in different ways. If you have a mechanical aptitude and has the ability to understand complex systems and vehicles should choose this field. The candidate has to understand the principles of mechanical systems.
Being the versatile field, it is also the most promising in terms of careers. Hence, it is highly in demand. If you have the aptitude and ability to understand mechanics, you can, therefore, easily find career placements.

Moreover, it is one of the most paying careers across the world. Hence, only those people can study, who have the passion to study this subject. If you want to become a mechanical engineer, then you have to take extensive education and training too. This field of study is not only popular in some specific parts of the world but in every part of the world.

What is Petroleum Engineering?

What is Petroleum Engineering

Petroleum Engineering that focuses on the development and exploitation of crude oil and natural gas. Hence it is evolved from mining engineering and geology and it is closely linked to geoscience. So which helps the engineers understand the geological structures and their favorable conditions for petroleum deposits. During moreover, the engineers extract gaseous and liquid hydrocarbon from the earth via drilling, producing, processing and transporting such products to desired areas.

History of Petroleum Engineering

Now as we talk about the history of foundations of petroleum engineering, we come to know that it was established during the 1890’s in California. Meanwhile the geologists recognized the potential for applying technology to oil field development, The American Institute of Mining and Metallurgical Engineers (AIME) established a Technical Committee on Petroleum in 1914. For Example in 1957 the name of (AIME) was changed to The American Institute of Mining, Metallurgical and Petroleum Engineers.

What is Petroleum?

Similarly It is a naturally occurring fossil fuel found in geological formations beneath the Earth’s surface. In short the word “petroleum” is a combination of Latin word Petra meaning “rock” and Oleum meaning “oil”.
Likewise the Areas where Petroleum is mostly found:
For Example the top oil producing countries are:
1.Saudi Arabia
2.Russia
3.United States

Importance and Use of Petroleum

Moreover, petroleum is of high demands through out the world and that is because of its contribution in different ways that can be summarized in the following manner:
1. Transport and Communication: Petroleum is needed to keep the mobility of transport system intact but.
2. Industry and Electricity Generation: Diesel and gasoline are used in gas turbines to produce electricity; Natural Gas is used in the production of global energy.

3. Lubrication of Machines: Lubricating oil gives machines much longer life; similarly, Mobil protects machines from corrosion and excess heat.
4. Due to Chemical and Petro-chemical Industry: Almost all chemical and Petro-chemical industries use petroleum by -products as raw material.
5.Petro- products are use to produce:
1. Artificial Fiber 2. Artificial Rubber 3. Nylon 4. Plastics 5. Chemical Fertilizer 6. Pesticides and insecticides 7. Perfumes 8. Dyes, paints and varnishes.
6. Other Uses of Petroleum:
a. Kerosene is widely used so for domestic heating and cooking.
b. Liquified Petroleum Gas (L. P. G) is use as a safe and cheap fuel for cooking.
c. Vaseline and Paraffin are use in drug, pharmaceutical and candle production.

Why Study Petroleum Engineering?

We know that the graduates from petroleum engineering are among the highest paying of any engineering field and the degree of this field offers a practical career path, inaddition, there are lots of opportunities to travel the world in this profession, moreover, you can get great knowledge regarding computing and design. In case of this field you deal with extraction, production and management of oil and gas from natural environments.

Branches of Petroleum Engineering

Because petroleum engineering is studied throughout the world and develop in a number of areas, it has been divide into many branches, the main branches are:
1. Drilling Engineering
2. Production Engineering
3. Surface Facilities Engineering
4. Reservoir Engineering
5. Petro-physical Engineering
Moreover, the main subsets of petroleum engineering are as follow:
1. Mechanical Engineering
2. Civil Engineering
3. Electrical Engineering
4. Geological Engineering
5. Chemical Engineering
Lastly Petroleum Engineering Jobs:
In short two companies offer best jobs to petroleum engineers:
a. Schlumberger
b. Ivy Exec
If you are looking for a job in this field then don’t worry because the scope level of petroleum engineers is high throughout the world. Hence foreign best companies offer jobs to petroleum engineers and they have to work mostly in offices or at drilling and well sites.

Conclusion

Finally The career of petroleum engineering is successful. So mainly, the starting salary for the petroleum engineers is around 30,000-40,000. Then after a bit of experience, it becomes Rs. 5000 per day. So, I recommend you to go for it as it offers you a bright future and successful business.

Electrical Engineering Fields Work Discoveries

General Point Of View Of Electrical Engineering

Electrical Engineering Nowadays this field of engineering is one of the most important branches of engineering. It deals with the technology of electricity. Day by day this field is expanding because one after one student is taking part in this outstanding field.

Definition Of Electrical Engineering

Nowadays it deals with the study of designing different equipment, devices and systems which use electricity and electromagnetism.

Work Of Electrical Engineers

Electrical engineers deal with a wide variety of devices, different components and systems from tiny microchips to huge power station generators. They work in different industries. Basically, the tools that an engineer needs are simple voltmeter to a top end analyzer to sophisticated designs and manufacturing software. They also work in lighting, heating, power generation and distribution, manufacturing and construction.

Fields Of Electrical Engineering

Nowadays, electrical engineering has been divided into a variety of fields such as:
1. Computer engineering
2. Power engineering
3. Telecommunications
4. Radio frequency engineering
5. Signal processing
6. Instrumentation
7. Electronics
Many of these branches have been seen mixing with other branches of engineering, giving a huge number of specializations such as hardware engineering, power electronics, electromagnetic and waves, nanotechnology, mechanics.

Discoveries In The Field Of Electrical Engineering

Due to In the 19th century, notable developments were made. And 1820, Hans Christian Orsted discovered that an electrical current produces a magnetic field. Therefore 1825, William Sturgeon invented the electromagnet. Hence 1782, George Louis Le Sage presented the worlds first form of electric telegraphy using 24 different wires. During 1795, Francisco Salva Campillo developed an electrostatic telegraph system. Certainly 1804, he handed over his report on electric telegraphy at the Royal Academy of Natural Sciences and Arts of Barcelona. Finally 1800, two discoveries were made in Europe, one of which was made by Alessandro Volta for generating an electric current and on the other hand, the second one which was made by William Nicholson and Anthony Carlyle’s for their work of electrolysis of water.

So In 1816, Francis Ronald’s created an electric telegraph system. And this is how, by the end 19th century, a wide variety of discoveries had been made throughout the world by the engineers and day by day, still engineers continue to make new discoveries.

Most Important Pioneers In Electrical Engineering

1. Thomas Edison for making an electric light bulb.
2. George Westinghouse for developing an alternating current.
3. Nikola Tesla for making an induction motor.
4. Guglielmo Marconi for making a radio.
5. Philo T. Farnsworth for presenting a television.

Conclusion

Nowadays, we all know that this world needs a number of electrical engineers to make their outstanding discoveries that may help the coming generations in achieving a better future. Similarly, a number of students who choose this field should devote all their interest towards this field because today nothing is more important than education and utilizing it in places where it’s mean for utilizing.